Posts Tagged ‘the Times’

  • Somewhere over the paywall: 3 predictions for news media

    Two weeks ago, some colleagues and I attended a Frontline Club talk on apps, paywalls and the future of journalism (for a recap, see William Owen’s excellent post). I found the experience very interesting but also very frustrating. I should say up front that this post is deliberately provocative: I am heartsick at the state of the news industry (one I respect and value to no end) and I want to do something about it — or at least start a discussion that does.

    Publishers are erecting paywalls all over the place — The Times last week, The New York Times next year — but to what end? By throwing their content behind paywalls, publishers are indulging themselves in a knee-jerk reaction that — I think — will decimate their market share and brand value, ultimately to fatal consequences.

    Publishers should be rethinking digital as a universe of potential profit. They should be embracing change and changing with it, but instead they’re freaking out and locking up the content. This just won’t work.

    The internet has irrevocably — and nearly globally — democratised information. Content as content is free, and content producers cannot ask consumers to change their behaviour or expectations to meet a bottom line. That’s just not how it works. There is so much good content out there, people will simply decline to pay and move on to a free content source — and there are many.

    In order to survive, publishers must change the way they approach the business of content, newspapers, and digital news platforms. Here are my three predictions for the industry.

    Read full post

  • Three fallacies of newspaper thinking (and how paywalls cracked at the Frontline Club)

    My first trip to the Frontline Club last night (thanks, @saradotdub) was rewarded with a lively and contentious debate on the future of newspapers featuring The Times digital director, Gurtej Sandhu, enduring a severe cross-examination on Murdoch’s paywall strategy. It came from all sides: the Chair (the subtle and persistent Steve Hewlett) fellow panel members and the floor.

    My takeaway was that the discussion highlighted three fallacies that still govern much newspaper thinking.

    Fallacy Number One is that the internet is free because of a mix of habit and a spurious moral right, and that if you can change habits and challenge morality we’ll go back to paying for content.

    This is confusing newspapers with content. We used to pay for newspapers because they had a monopoly of the means of production, and to get the content we had to pay for paper, printworkers, printing machines and trucks. The internet reduces the cost of material production and distribution to virtually nil and reveals that whatever we used to pay for content was a fraction of the total newstand price, and we paid for that because we couldn’t get it elsewhere, which brings us to…

    Fallacy Number Two: that a newspaper’s competition is other newspapers.

    Panel member Doublas McCabe suggested that if every newspaper went behind a paywall we might start to pay again. This misses the point that we can now get the news from a myriad sources, not just ‘newspapers’: specialist blogs, tv websites, Google, twitter, etc. ad infinitum. The monopoly no longer exists and everybody can be a media owner (picture me waving my iphone in the air) and for this reason alone content is worth much less than it used to be – sometimes actually nothing – unless it occupies a privileged niche, as does the Financial Times (represented last night by product manager Marybeth Christie with a lively account of experimentation and research in different ways of paying and consuming).

    Fallacy Number Three is that nothing else changes, content is still just the end product of the publishing process.

    Steve Hewlett made the point that, even when we paid for newspapers, our secondary consumption (eg. in a library archive) and conversation was free. It was, and its a good point, but the network in which that conversation occured was comparatively stunted – just people we knew. Now the network of secondary consumption and conversation is gigantic and accounts for much of the value created by content in terms of comment, correction, re-use and aggregation. The relationship between journalist and audience has changed from one that’s indirect and mediated by truck and newsagent to one that’s direct and continuous, a service relationship with two-way interactions where publication is often the beginning rather than the end of content production.

    The internet creates the potential to make a fundamental change in journalistic practice and enables publishers to shift from product to service, whereby content is the means of introducing other sources of value such as real world products, information or services. This means, simply, that advertising and subscription are no longer the only revenue sources and might become secondary. This is Murdoch’s error, not realising that a newspaper isn’t a newspaper any more.

    When asked why the New York Times tried a paywall and went back to free, Gurtej Sandhu said they blinked. We wonder if The Times will be blinking, sometime in the next six months or so, when it sees the light.

    Stop press: you can watch/read about the full debate here:

    http://frontlineclub.com/blogs/theforum/2010/05/apple-and-paywalls.html

  • The Micropayments Are Coming

    I’ve been meaning to write a response to William’s blog post of a few weeks ago about the news that some publishers (including Rupert Murdoch) are preparing to start charging for some of their content. I agree with William that people will be unlikely to buy a subscription to, for example, The Sun or Times Online but I’m not sure that is what is being proposed.

    As William says in his blog post:

    I don’t buy my internet news in a newspaper, I pick it out from a broad and fast-moving stream of fragments and favourites and recommendations garnered from twitter, blogs, feeds and aggregators and it’s all free. I might want one little piece of the Guardian one day, two little pieces of the Times the next, I don’t want either all the time so why should I buy 12 month’s worth?

    That’s how I consume content as well – piece by piece, fragments from a large number of websites. This, it seems to me, is the key issue: people don’t mind paying tiny amounts of cash for little pieces of content, it’s just that there isn’t an easy-to-use, trusted third party system like that in place for news content.

    There are in music and movies. iTunes and NetFlix, and LoveFilm in the UK, all provide users with the ability use a single system to buy movies and music (and games and apps) from many different publishers. Xbox users can use NetFlix on a subscription basis, and last week Virgin and Universal made the announcement that they are launching an eat-as-much-as-you-like service for MP3s.

    So, there are models out there that seem to work, or look extremely promising, and it’s clear that people will pay for certain types of content if you make the experience seamless and brainlessly easy.

    Now, it appears that similar services may exist for newspaper and magazine publishers. Journalism Online are launching a service will provide users with a password-protected website where they can buy subscriptions that work across multiple sites, and individual articles from many publishers. The Publisher has some control over setting the price and  Journalism Online will add value by negotiating licensing and royalty fees with intermediaries provide insight data that will help publishers optimise circulation revenue and maintain traffic to support advertising revenue.

    That sounds pretty interesting.

    Just to be clear, I think it would be madness for newspapers to try and put everything back behind a pay wall. The most likely model to emerge is a hybrid one where I continue to enjoy a lot of free content and the conversations that exist around that content, but when I want to go deeper or consume richer content then *sometimes* I should expect to pay a small amount for it.

    After years of getting it for free on the Web, it won’t be easy for publishers to start charging for even some of their content but there may be no choice. Personally, I am willing to pay a small amount to make sure that I am properly informed, and although I think citizen media is often quicker than traditional media I still want to live in a world where there are professional – and accountable – news organisations. I know this is not a view that everyone will subscribe to, but it’s not clear how else news media in particular will be able to remain in business.

    The answer is almost certainly a bit of everything:

    • Ecommerce – newspapers and magazines already sell directly to their readers, but could do a lot more of this, including providing more paid-for online services. The role of online community in this is obvious
    • Micropayments and subscription – along the lines envisaged by Journalism Online
    • Advertising and sponsorship – an important but smaller part of the mix

    Anyway – these are my half-formed thoughts. I’m willing to be persuaded either way. I’ve also heard that the new iPhone SDK makes it easy for developers to build micropayments into the apps they make. Not sure if this is true but does this hold out the tantalising possibility that the iPhone and iTunes could be the digital wallet we’re all waiting for? I already find it a bit too easy to spend money on iTunes!

  • Barriers to understanding Twitter

    In the wake of a truly ghastly series of articles on Twitter, I am beginning to think that journalists will never write well on any thing that involves online communities or social media.

    Perhaps the problem is this simple: They just don’t have the time to spend on participating in these communities which a thorough understanding of these phenomena require. You can’t just sign up and click a few buttons. You’ve got to get involved. That’s time expensive when the deadlines are ticking.

    This is why, I think, journalists continue to fall prey to the most outrageously ridiculous claims from those with titles within fields like psychology who claim to understand something about human interactions in the online world. Journalists just don’t know how to vet what’s being told to them from the “experts”.

    Sweeping generalizations that misguide the public on the reality of what happens online is a big problem. Here’s what journalist Andy Pemberton of the Times Online learned via his informants about the stereotypical twitter user:

    “The clinical psychologist Oliver James has his reservations. “Twittering stems from a lack of identity. It’s a constant update of who you are, what you are, where you are. Nobody would Twitter if they had a strong sense of identity.”

    “We are the most narcissistic age ever,” agrees Dr David Lewis, a cognitive neuropsychologist and director of research based at the University of Sussex. “Using Twitter suggests a level of insecurity whereby, unless people recognise you, you cease to exist. It may stave off insecurity in the short term, but it won’t cure it.”

    Are you on twitter? Is this how you feel?

    I doubt it. How are Dr. Davis Lewis and Dr. James Oliver supporting their claims? I don’t see a study and I can’t glean from their web presence that they’ve got much background related to experiences in the online world. Obviously their descriptions will fit some people – but exactly how many? 1%? 20%? 87%? 100%?

    Andy Pemberton seems to have sought the advice from all the wrong sources when he sat down to write this article. His next move is to find someone who likens Twitter to a giant baby monitor:

    “For Alain de Botton, author of Status Anxiety and the forthcoming The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work, Twitter represents “a way of making sure you are permanently connected to somebody and somebody is permanently connected to you, proving that you are alive. It’s like when a parent goes into a child’s room to check the child is still breathing. It is a giant baby monitor.”

    Alain de Botton is a writer. Of course he is going to use such metaphors.

    Bizarrely, I’m actually not monitoring anybody when I use twitter. I’m not there to be permanently connected to anybody either. In fact, I don’t know who most of my followers or people I follow are and I’ve got no anxiety about this any more than than I do opening my front door to leave my house and walk out in the world in the morning.

    Perhaps here’s where we are at the root of the problem. The terminology “following/follower” certainly suggests that you’re actively watching other people, and the “what are you doing” question followed by the tweet field suggest that whatever we type must be mundane. But the level of intensity in which we follow others is not quite at the level the doctors imagine.

    Most people who use Twitter, also use additional third party tools like Tweet Deck which allows you to group the people you’re following. I have three groups in addition to replies, direct messages and all: Work, Friends, Twitter friends. When I’m on, I follow these groups. Then I have a quick glance at the “all” stream to see what’s going on elsewhere. When I tweet, I’m either asking questions, sharing links to stuff I find interesting or amusing, or just “chatting” to friends as the day go by. I fail to see why this need to cause the psychologist so much distress.

    Tweet Deck interface

    This use of third party tools points to another problem when it comes to understanding the Twitter service. If you’re just looking at the Twitter site, it’s really hard to get how this service can be useful at all. It’s just a never ending stream with random tweets which grows constantly.

    Using tools like tweet deck to manage the tweets will help you filter the noise. This means the “mundane” type tweets the journalists go on about actually seldom pop into your stream.

    “Mundane” is also a very relative term – if a friend of mine tweets “homeward bound” or “eating a carrot” they’re inviting to some social banter between friends or providing me with info I’d like to hear. Perhaps I’m meeting up with this friend and now I know they’re on time. Perhaps it tells me that I’ve lost track of time at work and should be heading home myself.

    But according to Oliver James the psychologist, because this is being said on twitter and not by a person right in front of me, I’m fantasist:

    “To ‘follow’ someone is to have a fantasy of who this person you’re following is, and you use it as a map reference or signpost to guide your own life because you are lost,” says James. “I would guess that the typical profile of a ‘follower’ is someone who is young and who feels marginalised, empty and pointless. They don’t have an inner life,” he says.

    If I’m lost, it’s because I’m lost for words.

    I honestly don’t understand how James is capable of even thinking this stuff. Has the emergence of the online world moved the whole field of psychology is into shambles?

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